I am really excited to have such a full room. And I know we have a lot of people on the livestream and a lot more people still who can't make either and are looking forward to seeing this up on YouTube, which will be the case. The next few days. I'm really excited to introduce Professor Carol Dweck from Stanford University. 

She's the Lewis in Virginia Eaton Professor of Psychology. She is best known for her work on mindsets that people use to guide their behavior. She earned a BA in Psychology from Columbia University, and then a PhD in Psychology from Yale. He's the author of a best selling book, mindset, the new psychology of success. 

And despite traffic, a bunch of books arrived at the back of the room, which you can purchase afterwards, I certainly encourage you to do so there's my well thumbed copy. It sold over a million copies. So there are many of your friends out there who have enjoyed this work. She's a frequent speaker has spoken on the TED stage multiple times at the United Nations, the White House among other prestigious organizations. Her work has won so many awards that I fight named them all that will be the entire talk. So I'm not going to do that. And now that I'm incredibly boosted, or you go, I'd like to bring up Professor Dweck.

All right. Before we get into mindsets, I want you to share what we've learned from what is now the widely discredited theory of self esteem and the self esteem movement.

In the 1990s, the self esteem movement took over the world. We were told to tell everyone how fabulous brilliant, talented special they were all the time, this was going to motivate them and boost their achievement.

Instead, as you said it was a complete disaster. It was led to the acceptance of mediocrity. It didn't challenge people to fulfill their potential. And our search showed telling people they're smart actually backfires. It makes them afraid of challenges it makes them fold in the face of obstacles because they're worried, Oh, does this not look smart? Am I not smart? The whole currency is built around smart.

So what triggered your interest in going deeper and researching how people are motivated and learn? And how did that lead to your definition of mindsets?

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